Lungs & Respiratory System
Sleep Apnea
A sleep disorder where breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep.
Overview
Sleep apnea causes repeated pauses in breathing during sleep, often noticed by a partner. It can reduce sleep quality and affect daytime energy and concentration.
Common Symptoms
- Loud snoring
- Pauses in breathing noticed by a partner
- Waking gasping or choking
- Daytime tiredness despite sleeping
- Morning headache
Possible Causes
- Relaxation of throat muscles (obstructive type)
- Brain signaling issues (central type)
- Excess weight or narrow airways
Risk Factors
- Excess weight
- Older age
- Male sex
- Family history or large neck circumference
Diagnosis
A sleep study records breathing, oxygen and other signals during sleep to confirm sleep apnea.
Treatment & Management
Management may include weight management, a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device, oral appliances or, in selected cases, surgery.
Prevention & Healthy Habits
Maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding alcohol before bed and side sleeping may help reduce symptoms.
When to Seek Medical Care
- Loud snoring with witnessed pauses
- Daytime sleepiness that affects safety
- Partner-observed gasping at night
Questions to Ask Your Doctor
- Do I need a sleep study?
- Which treatment suits me?
- How do I use a CPAP if prescribed?
- What lifestyle changes will help?
Related Topics
Related Symptoms
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