Digestive System
Acid Reflux
When stomach acid flows back into the food pipe, causing heartburn and discomfort.
Overview
Acid reflux occurs when stomach acid moves upward into the esophagus. Occasional reflux is common, but frequent or severe reflux may indicate gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
Common Symptoms
- Burning sensation in the chest (heartburn)
- Sour or bitter taste in the mouth
- Feeling of food coming back up
- Cough or throat irritation
Possible Causes
- Weakening of the muscle between stomach and esophagus
- Large meals, lying down after eating
- Certain foods, alcohol or smoking
- Pregnancy or excess weight
Risk Factors
- Excess weight
- Pregnancy
- Smoking
- Hiatal hernia
Diagnosis
A healthcare professional may diagnose from symptoms and, if needed, refer for further tests such as endoscopy.
Treatment & Management
Management may include lifestyle changes, over-the-counter antacids or prescribed medicines that reduce stomach acid.
Prevention & Healthy Habits
Eating smaller meals, avoiding late-night eating, raising the head of the bed and identifying trigger foods can help reduce reflux.
When to Seek Medical Care
- Difficulty or pain when swallowing
- Unexplained weight loss
- Frequent vomiting or blood in vomit or stool
- Symptoms despite lifestyle changes
Questions to Ask Your Doctor
- Are my symptoms reflux or something else?
- Which foods should I avoid?
- Do I need tests?
- Which medicines are suitable for me?
Related Symptoms
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